Realism is a period in whose literary works dominates the description of experiential reality over man’s imagination and intuition. The most significant realistic literary genre is novel which describes in detail the real way of life and social order of the then world states. There are, among others, English, French, and mostly Russian realism which describes important changes in the social and economic plan of tsarist Russia during the 19th century. The world-famous author of Russian literature is Leo Nikolayevich Tolstoy, who is famous for his novel Anna Karenina. The work highlights the character of Alexei Kirilovich Vronsky, a young nobleman who falls in love with a married woman and wants to start a life together with her, but there is always something standing in the way of the full realization of their love. In the end, Ana is throws herself under a train, and Vronsky is mentally destroyed, so he goes to the war. His story continues in postmodernism, which, among other things, deals with a more detailed description of the thinking of literary characters. As realism is marked by social principles that are increasingly dying out today, postmodernism seeks to maintain the existing literary tradition, creating protagonists based on a new concept of male-female relationships. Male postmodern subjects are taking on female traits, signifying the growing social equality and diversity of identities present in the 21st century. In such an environment, the Croatian contemporary author Nedjeljko Fabrio creates, writing a new historical novel and generally the first work about the Homeland War called the Death of Vronsky. He puts in the novel the character of Vronsky, who simultaneously experiences the horrors of war and thinks about Ana’s death, which eventually leads him to his suicide. Contemporary artistic creation has so far been filled with numerous screen adaptations of Vronsky that show the realization of his identity from different perspectives.